Spotted Lanternfly


General Information

Species Name: Lycorma delicatula

Family: Fulgoridae

Life Cycle: Egg > Nymph (4 stages) > Adult

Activity: Adults begin to appear in the late summer and lay egg masses which overwinter

Origin: China

Host Species: Spotted lanternfly can feed on almost anything, but invasive tree of heaven is its preferred host. It can do considerable damage to grapevines, black walnut, maple, fruit, sycamore, and birch trees, amongst many other plant species. 


Why Is It Invasive?

Spotted lanternflies can feed on a variety of different plant and tree species. While their feeding behaviors directly negatively impact only some plants species, like grapes, spotted lanternflies leave large quantities of honeydew where they feed. Honeydew can result in the growth of sooty mold growth on plants, which can inhibit the growth capabilities of some plants. This mold makes crops unmarketable, damaging agricultural industries. Additionally, honeydew can attract other pests, negatively impacting outdoor recreation experience and prohibiting people from recreating in areas with high spotted lanternfly populations. 


What Does It Look Like?

Adult Beetle

Adult spotted lanternflies are 1 inch long and 1/2 inch wide. They are known for their striking, identifiable wings. Forewings are brown with black spots at the front a band at the rear and hind wings are scarlet with black spots at the front and white and black bars at the rear. Spotted lanternfly adults have yellow abdomens with black bars. Adults feed in large swarms. 

Nymph

Nymphs undergo four instars, or molting phases, during their development. First through second instar nymphs are black with white spots. First instars are small, approximately 1/4 inch long, and grow slightly in size through subsequent instars. Fourth instar nymphs appear red with white spots and can be up to 3/4 inch long. 

Eggs

Newly laid egg masses consist of 30-50 eggs and look like wet, gray putty. They will turn dull and brown, almost appearing like a smear of mud. Masses are approximately 1 inch long and can be seen throughout the winter on smooth surfaces including trees, bricks, stones, outdoor recreation equipment, and vehicles. 


Photos

Cluster of black spotted lanternfly nymphs on a decayed tree trunk with textured bark.

Credit: Richard Gardner, Bugwood.org

First through third instar spotted lanternfly nymphs

Cluster of spotted lanternflies gathered on the base of a tree trunk, surrounded by lush green foliage.

Credit: Richard Gardner, Bugwood.org

Swarm of adult spotted lanternflies

What Are the Signs of Infestation? 

Honeydew and Sooty Mold

Spotted lanternflies leave behind a sugary liquid, or honeydew, when feeding. Honeydew is shiny and sticky and attracts other insects. It may also have sooty mold growth. 

Fermented Odor

As honeydew ferments, it develops a vinegar-like smell.   

Egg Masses

Egg masses may be seen in the early fall throughout the winter on smooth surfaces like tree bark, bricks, outdoor recreation equipment, and vehicles. Egg masses may look like small amounts of dried mud. 


Photos

Tree trunk with spotted lanternfly egg masses and a spotted lanternfly on the left, surrounded by trees and sky.

Credit: Richard Gardner, Bugwood.org

Spotted lanternfly egg masses

Tree base with white fungal growth surrounded by green plants and soil.

Credit: Lawrence Barringer, Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture, Bugwood.org

Mold growth on tree from spotted lanternfly honeydew


Where Do They Live?

Spotted lanternfly can live wherever host species are available. They are especially likely to be seen on tree of heaven plants, which is their preferred host. Spotted lanternfly is currently established in a small range in the Northeastern United States and into the Southeast. Spotted lanternfly has not been surveyed in Nebraska. 


How Do They Spread?

Spotted lanternflies are moved by "hitchhiking" on plant material, outdoor recreation equipment, vehicles, and other materials. Spotted lanternflies can be transported at any life stage, but are most commonly transported as adults and egg masses. 


What Do I Do if I Find Them?

If you find a spotted lanternfly or see signs of spotted lanternflies, contact the Nebraska Department of Agriculture Entomology Program. Check out our reporting tips for information on what to include in your report. 


How Do I Control Them?

Mechanical

Conduct regular checks on your property and equipment for spotted lanternflies and egg masses. Look for egg masses in your trees, especially tree of heaven. If you see an egg mass on your property, smash it and scrape it into a Ziploc bag filled with rubbing alcohol or hand sanitizer before throwing it in the trash. 

Cultural

Do not move or transport firewood long distances and burn it where you buy it. Keep car windows closed and park at least 15 feet away from trees while in a quarantine zone to prevent adults from landing inside your vehicle. Inspect items being moved long distances for adults, egg masses, and other signs of spotted lanternfly. 


References and More Information

Cornell Integrated Pest Management

Don't Move Firewood

Invasive Species Information Center

Minnesota Department of Agriculture

National Invasive Species Information Center

Nebraska Department of Agriculture Entomology Program

Ohio Department of Agriculture

Pennsylvania State University Extension

USDA Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service

University of Massachusetts Extension Landscape, Nursery, and Urban Forestry Program

Washington State Department of Agriculture